investigate词根（Sounds是什么意思）

本文目录

• Sounds是什么意思
• 雅思阅读同义词替换四项基本原则
• 英语词根

Sounds是什么意思

没有sounds这个词，有的只是sound，用做名词时是不可数的，没有复数形式以下为金山词霸2007的解释soundn.声音, 语音, 噪音, 吵闹, 海峡, 听力范围, 探条adj.健全的, 可靠的, 合理的, 有效彻底的, 健康的adv.彻底地, 充分地vi.发出声音, 回响, 测深, 听起来vt.使发声, 宣告, 听诊, 测...深, 试探soundsound 1AHD: D.J.K.K.n.（名词）Vibrations transmitted through an elastic material or a solid, liquid, or gas, with frequencies in the approximate range of 20 to 20,000 hertz, capable of being detected by human organs of hearing.声音，响声：通过有弹性的物质或者固体、液体或气体传送的振动，频率在20至20,000赫兹之间，能够被人的听觉器官感觉到Transmitted vibrations of any frequency.声音：传送过来的任何频率的振动The sensation stimulated in the organs of hearing by such vibrations in the air or other medium.听力：受空气或其他传媒中这种振动的刺激，而在听觉器官中产生的感觉Such sensations considered as a group.听力系统：被认为是一个群体的这种感觉A distinctive noise:很明显的闹声、嘈杂声：a hollow sound.沉闷的嘈杂声The distance over which something can be heard:听力范围：某种东西能被听见的距离：within sound of my voice.在我声音的听距之内Linguistics 【语言学】 An articulation made by the vocal apparatus:音：由发声装置所发出的声音：a vowel sound; a speech sound.元音；演讲音The distinctive character of such an articulation:音值：这种音的独特的特点：The wordsbear and bare have the same sound. bear 和 bare 这两个词拥有相同的音值 A mental impression; an implication:弦外之音；言外之意：didn’t like the sound of the invitation.不喜欢这次邀请所含的弦外之音Auditory material that is recorded, as for a movie.录音材料：（如为电影）而录制的可听到的材料Meaningless noise.没有意义的嘈杂声Music A distinctive style, as of an orchestra or a singer.【音乐】 （如交响乐队或歌手的）独特音乐风格Archaic Rumor; report.【古语】 谣传；讯息v.（动词）sound.ed,sound.ing,sounds v.intr.（不及物动词）To make or give forth a sound:作声，发声：制造或发出声响：The siren sounded.汽笛响起来了To be given forth as a sound:被吹响，被奏响：The fanfare sounded.响亮的喇叭声吹起来To present a particular impression:听起来：给人一种特别的印象：That argument sounds reasonable.那个观点听起来有道理v.tr.（及物动词）To cause to give forth or produce a sound:使发出或产生声响：sounded the gong.敲锣To summon, announce, or signal by a sound:发出信号：以声音召集、宣布或发信号：sound a warning.发出警告Linguistics To articulate; pronounce:【语言学】 发…的音；发音：sound a vowel.发一个元音To make known; celebrate:使知名；庆贺（祝）：“Nations unborn your mighty names shall sound”(Alexander Pope)“未诞生的国家，你们英武的名字应传颂”(亚历山大·波普)To examine (a body organ or part) by causing to emit sound; auscultate.听诊，听验：通过使发出声音而检查（身体器官或部分）；听诊sound offTo express one’s views vigorously:高声谈论：有力地抒发自己的见解：was always sounding off about higher taxes.总是就更高税收有力地抒发自己的见解To count cadence when marching in military formation.报数：喊行军齐步走口令Middle English soun 中古英语 soun from Old French son 源自 古法语 son from Latin sonus * see swen- 源自 拉丁语 sonus *参见 swen- soundsound 2AHD: D.J.K.K.adj.（形容词）sound.er,sound.est Free from defect, decay, or damage; in good condition.完好的：无疵的，没有腐损的或完好无损伤的；完好的Free from disease or injury.See Synonyms at healthy 健全的：没有疾病或损伤的参见 healthyHaving a firm basis; unshakable:基础牢固的；不可动摇的：a sound foundation.牢固的基础Financially secure or safe:财政上充实的或安全的：a sound economy.殷实的经济Based on valid reasoning:合理的：建立在有效推理之上的：a sound observation.See Synonyms at valid 合理的说法参见 validFree from logical flaws:没有逻辑错误的：sound reasoning.符合逻辑的推理Logic Of or relating to an argument in which all the premises are true and the conclusion follows from the premises.【逻辑学】 推理的：某种论点的或与之有关的，这种论点中的所有前提都是真实的，而且结论来源于前提Thorough; complete:彻底的；完全的：a sound flogging.狠狠的鞭打Deep and unbroken; undisturbed:深沉而不间断的；不受打扰的：a sound sleep.酣睡Free from moral defect; upright.没有道德缺点的；正直的Worthy of confidence; trustworthy.值得信任的；值得信赖的Marked by or showing common sense and good judgment; levelheaded:有识别力的：表现基本常识及良好判断或者具有这种特点的；头脑清醒的：a sound approach to the problem.对该问题见解正确的方法Compatible with an accepted point of view; conservative.保守的：与被接受的观点相一致的；保守的Law Legally valid.【法律】 法律上有效的adv.（副词）Thoroughly; deeply:充分地；酣畅地：sound asleep.酣睡Middle English 中古英语 from Old English gesund 源自 古英语 gesund sound“lyadv.（副词）sound“nessn.（名词）soundsound 3AHD: D.J.K.K.n.（名词）Abbr. sd.A long, relatively wide body of water, larger than a strait or a channel, connecting larger bodies of water.缩写 sd.海峡：一条长、相对较宽的水域，比strait或者channel大，连接更大的水域A long, wide ocean inlet.长而宽大的海湾The air bladder of a fish.鱼的鳔Middle English 中古英语 from Old English sund 源自 古英语 sund soundsound 4AHD: D.J.K.K.v.（动词）sound.ed,sound.ing,sounds v.tr.（及物动词）To measure the depth of (water), especially by means of a weighted line; fathom.探测深度：探测（水域的）深度，尤指利用加重线锤测；用测深绳测量To try to learn the attitudes or opinions of:试探、询问：试图得知某人的态度或观点：sounded out her feelings.探听出她的情感To probe (a body cavity) with a sound.用探子探测检查（体腔）v.intr.（不及物动词）To measure depth.测量深度To dive swiftly downward. Used of a whale or fish.突然迅速地潜入深水用于指鲸鱼或其他鱼To look into a possibility; investigate.试探可能性；进行调查n.（名词）An instrument used to examine or explore body cavities, as for foreign bodies or other abnormalities, or to dilate strictures in them.探子：用于检查或探测体腔的一种仪器，如为异物或其他不正常的东西，或者为扩大这些体腔的狭窄部分Middle English sounden 中古英语 sounden from Old French sonder 源自 古法语 sonder from sonde 源自 sonde sound“ableadj.（形容词）soundvt.测量, 探测, 锤测试探 (out)【医】用探针检查(尿道等)sound sb. (out) on a question试探某人对一个问题的意见soundvi.测水深, 探测试探, 调查(鲸鱼等)突然潜入海底n.【医】探条sound out试探出, 打听出(别人的)意见soundsound 1AHD: D.J.K.K.n.Vibrations transmitted through an elastic material or a solid, liquid, or gas, with frequencies in the approximate range of 20 to 20,000 hertz, capable of being detected by human organs of hearing.Transmitted vibrations of any frequency.The sensation stimulated in the organs of hearing by such vibrations in the air or other medium.Such sensations considered as a group.A distinctive noise:a hollow sound.The distance over which something can be heard:within sound of my voice.Linguistics An articulation made by the vocal apparatus:a vowel sound; a speech sound.The distinctive character of such an articulation:The wordsbear and bare have the same sound. A mental impression; an implication:didn’t like the sound of the invitation.Auditory material that is recorded, as for a movie.Meaningless noise.Music A distinctive style, as of an orchestra or a singer.Archaic Rumor; report.v.sound.ed,sound.ing,sounds v.intr.To make or give forth a sound:The siren sounded.To be given forth as a sound:The fanfare sounded.To present a particular impression:That argument sounds reasonable.v.tr.To cause to give forth or produce a sound:sounded the gong.To summon, announce, or signal by a sound:sound a warning.Linguistics To articulate; pronounce:sound a vowel.To make known; celebrate:“Nations unborn your mighty names shall sound”(Alexander Pope)To examine (a body organ or part) by causing to emit sound; auscultate.sound offTo express one’s views vigorously:was always sounding off about higher taxes.To count cadence when marching in military formation.Middle English soun from Old French son from Latin sonus * see swen- soundsound 2AHD: D.J.K.K.adj.sound.er,sound.est Free from defect, decay, or damage; in good condition.Free from disease or injury.See Synonyms at healthy Having a firm basis; unshakable:a sound foundation.Financially secure or safe:a sound economy.Based on valid reasoning:a sound observation.See Synonyms at valid Free from logical flaws:sound reasoning.Logic Of or relating to an argument in which all the premises are true and the conclusion follows from the premises.Thorough; complete:a sound flogging.Deep and unbroken; undisturbed:a sound sleep.Free from moral defect; upright.Worthy of confidence; trustworthy.Marked by or showing common sense and good judgment; levelheaded:a sound approach to the problem.Compatible with an accepted point of view; conservative.Law Legally valid.adv.Thoroughly; deeply:sound asleep.Middle English from Old English gesund sound“lyadv.sound“nessn.soundsound 3AHD: D.J.K.K.n.Abbr. sd.A long, relatively wide body of water, larger than a strait or a channel, connecting larger bodies of water.A long, wide ocean inlet.The air bladder of a fish.Middle English from Old English sund soundsound 4AHD: D.J.K.K.v.sound.ed,sound.ing,sounds v.tr.To measure the depth of (water), especially by means of a weighted line; fathom.To try to learn the attitudes or opinions of:sounded out her feelings.To probe (a body cavity) with a sound.v.intr.To measure depth.To dive swiftly downward. Used of a whale or fish.To look into a possibility; investigate.n.An instrument used to examine or explore body cavities, as for foreign bodies or other abnormalities, or to dilate strictures in them.Middle English sounden from Old French sonder from sonde sound“ableadj.soundsound源自拉丁语sonus声，词根是son

雅思阅读同义词替换四项基本原则

　　1词性之间的替换

　　词性的替换主要是指题目中的关键信息与原文中的内容在词性上做了变化而已。这样的替换相对来说，难度系数偏低，只需要考生能够辨认出相同的词根即可。

　　Example 1：

　　Cambridge8，Test3中Q35：Through mutations, organisms can 35 better to the environment.首先通过mutation一词将此填空题在原文定位到第C段”Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions.”然后寻找空后关键词better to，根据空格前的情态动词can推测空格处只能填一个动词，而且是原形，还要能和to搭配。这么一来，这句话里只有一个对应词比较合适：adaption，将其变形为动词adapt即可。

　　Example 2：

　　Cambridge6，Test2中Q17Q18：This is largely due to developments in 17 , but other factors such as improved 18 may also be playing a part.定位到原文第四段”Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. But there may be other contributing factors. Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century….”表明有些疾病是被medical advances打败的。根据空格前的介词可以判断17题缺一个跟developments相关的名词。正确选项是medical的同根词M(medicine)。而18题是一个被improved修饰的名词，原文中improvements是它的同根词，所以答案是选项J (nutrition)。

　　这样的替换，即使单词是陌生的，却可以通过相同的词根或词形来帮助考生去挑选答案。要想掌握好这样的替换，也就要求考生尽可能地去多熟悉英语词汇中各种词根与词缀的应用。

　　剑桥阅读中出现的同根词变身：

　　ability → able

　　diabetic → diabetes

　　secrete → secretions

　　fertilise → fertilisers

　　creativity → creative

　　investigative → investigate

　　prefer → preference

　　emit → emission

　　predictability → predicted

　　2同义词/近义词之间的替换

　　同义词替换是指考题与原文中的关键内容用同义词进行一种互换。此类替换占据同义替换现象的大部分内容，而且几乎所有的题型都会有这样的替换现象。且大量常见的词都会主要是以名词与动词为主。

　　Example 3：

　　Cambridge6，Test4的Q9：Kim Schaefer’s marketing technique may be open to criticism on moral grounds.在原文第三段中定位到”Selling pharmaceuticals is a daily exercise in ethical judgment,”其中ethical即为原文中moral的同义词。

　　考生只需要在平时增加词汇量时有意识地去注意一些常见同义词，雅思阅读的解答也就变得简单很多了。其实严格意义上来讲，同义词应该还包括一些常用词组或短语之间的一种互换。

　　Example 4：

　　Cambridge7，Test4的Q19：Between 1940 and 1959, there was a sharp decrease in Alaska’s salmon population.此题为是非判断题。利用between 1940 and 1959定位到原文第4段Between 1940 and 1959, overfishing led to crashes in salmon population so severe that in 1953 Alaska was declared a federal disaster area. 原文中的crashes与题干中的sharp decrease属于近义词(语义相同的词)之间的替换。

　　Example 5：

　　Cambridge6，Test1的Q38Q39：In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up their 38 lifestyle, but they continue to depend mainly on 39 for their food and clothes.定位到原文D段：Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and settled in the territory’s 28 isolated communities, but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing.题干中提及被迫放弃什么生活方式，因此要求填一个形容词来修饰lifestyle。而时间状语in recent years是定位词。按顺序原则，原文的时间状语over the past 40 years正好跟in recent years对应，abandon与give up，ways和lifestyle对应，答案便是abandon后面的宾语ways的修饰语nomadic。同时判断depend on后面需要填一个名词，即依靠什么东西。而后面的food and clothes是非常好的定位词。很快可以在原文中找到对应depend on的rely on,而后面又有food and clothes。因此可以很清楚地判断出rely on的宾语nature就是答案。

　　剑桥中出现的同义词/近义词

　　change → shift / revision

　　overstate → exaggerate

　　target → goal

　　comments → feedback

　　performance → achievement

　　metropolitan → city

　　world → global

　　perceive → sense / feel

　　calculate → measure

　　resemble → look like

　　link to → associated with

　　expert → scientist

　　hard to find → elusive

　　3.否定加反义之间的替换

　　Example 6：

　　Cambridge7，Test1的Q33：In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.根据顺序原则以及follow-up可以定位到原文第6段。Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.题干中similar to和原文的not unusual属于否定加反义之间的替换。

　　Example 7：

　　Cambridge8，Test3的Q38：In principle, it is possible for a biological system to become older without ageing.可以定位到原文第三段Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism possesses many mechanism for repair.题干中possible是原文not inevitable的否定加反义替换。

　　剑桥阅读中出现的否定加反义替换

　　downward → not rising

　　not traditional → radical new approaches

　　with no rain at all →droughts

　　4.上下义词之间的替换

　　所谓上下义，是指替换的词语之间通常有一种从属关系。在雅思的阅读中这类替换往往出现在段落配对题之中，题目中给的是一个具有属性或者是表示概念的词语，而在原文中出现的替换词却是一个具体或者是细节的信息，考察考生对这两者之间从属关系的配对。

　　Example 8：

　　Cambridge6，Test3的Q28：Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old。此题为是非判断题，定位词为“drugs”，在原文中定位，我们能在文章第一段找到“As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging—the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we get older”。原文中treatment即为题干中drugs的上义词。

　　Example 9：

　　Cambridge7，Test1的Q5：early military use of echolocation 。此段落信息配对题在原文定位的句子是“it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines.之所以这样定位，就是原文中weapon一词作为题干中military的下义词出现。

　　剑桥阅读中出现的上下义词替换

　　chemical → fertilizer and pesticide

　　military → Second World War

　　body language → gesture

　　farming → grow plants and herd animals

　　environment → light, sound and warmth

　　四种难度依次递增的同意替换，使雅思阅读的考题显得变换无穷，同时也将阅读的难度提到了一个不同的高度。所以有很多考生抱怨，题目特点和解题技巧都很清楚，定位词也能找准，可就是定位不到题目在原文中对应内容的位置。其实这源于考生没有真正了解雅思阅读考查词汇的变形。所以考生只要掌握4、6级词汇，熟悉以上四种替换原则，在原文中寻找这些替换表达，即可快速且准确地完成定位和答题。

英语词根

1) dis(not, the opposite of) disadvantage, dislike, disagree, disappear, disarm, disaster, disastrous, disappoint, disable, disability, discharge, disclose, discount, discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy, disease, disgrace, disguise, disgust, dishonor, dishonest, dislike, dismay, disorder, dispatch, disperse, displace, displacement, displease, disregard, dissatisfy, distort , distract, disintegrate, isparage, dispassion, disproportionate 2) in- (not, in, into) inability, incorrect, inability, incapable, indirect, inhuman, injustice, informal, inside, include, inclusive, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite, independence, independent, indifferent, indirect, indispensable, individual, indoor, inertia , inevitable, infamous , infinite, inhabit , inhabitant, inherent , inject, inland , inlet , inner, innocent, innumerable , input, inquire, inquiry, insane, insensitive, insert, inside, insight, insist, inspect, inspiration , inspire, install, installation, installment , instance, instant, instinct, insulate , intense, interior, internal, into, intrinsic, invade, invalid , invaluable , invariably , invasion, invert , investigate, invisible, involve, inward, incomplete, indecisive, inedible, inept, inevitably, infection, infirm, injection, innate, insatiable, insecurity, insider, insidious 3) im- (not, in, into) impossible, imbalance, immature, immoral, impatient, implicit , impress, impression, import, immigrate, imprison, immerse 4) il- (not) illegal, illiterate, illogical ir- (not) irregular, irresponsible, irrespective 5) un- (not) unable, uncover, undo, undoubtedly, undress , uneasy, unemployment , unexpected, unfold , unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload, unusual, unaware, enlightened, unparalleled, unsustainable 6) non- (not) nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal, nonresident, nonsense, nonfundamentalist, nonspecialist 7) mis- (wrong, wrongly) mislead, misspell, misstep, misfortune, misuse, misguided, misinformation 8) de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce) deform, deface, demobilize, destruction, deforest, denationalize, depress, depression, decode, decrease, degenerate , degrade , descend, descendant , descent 9) pre- (before, in advance) prefix, pre-historic, precaution, precede , preceding, preclude , predecessor , predict, predominant , preface, prejudice, preliminary, premature , premier , premise , premium , preparation, prepare, prepay, preside , president, presumably, presume , pretext , prevail, prevent, previous, prewar, preconception, prediction, prescientific, presumptively 10) ante-, (before, in advance) anteroom, ante-Christian, antemeridian, anticipate, antique 11) fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front) forearm, forehead, foreman, foretell , foresee , forefather , foreleg, forerunner , fore , foremost, forecast, forewarn 12) ex- (out, out of, former) ex-minister, ex-president, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife, export, exclude, exclusive, excursion, exhibit, exile , exit, exotic , expand, expansion, expedition , expel , expend , expenditure , expense, explode, explosion, explosive, expose, exposition , exposure, express, expression, extend, extension, extensive, exterior, external, extinct, extra, extract 13) post- (later than, after) postgraduate, postwar, postmeridian, postpone, postscript 14) sub- (under, below, less important) sub, subject, subway, subtitle, subdivide, submarine , sub-zero, submerge, submit, subordinate , subscribe , subsection, subsequent, subsidiary , subsidy , substance, substantial, substitute, subtract, suburb, subconsciously, subtly 15) infra- (below in a range, beyond) infrastructure , infrared 16) re- (again, back to a former state) react, reaction, recall, recede , receipt, recipient , reclaim , recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover, recovery, recreation, recur , recycle , redundant , reflect, reflection, reflexion, reform, refrain , refresh, refreshment , refund , refute , reinforce, reject, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance , renew, repay , repeat, repeatedly, repel , repetition, replace, replacement, represent, representative, repression , reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore, resume, return, reunion , revise, revive 17) co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- (with together) co-existence, cooperative , co-author, coalition , coherent , coincide , coincidence , collaboration , colleague, collide , collision, collocation, compassion, compassionate, concentric, confederation, conjoin, coordinate, correlate, correlation, correspond 18) inter- (between, among) interchange, interchangeable, interdependent, interpersonal, interview, interact , interaction, intercourse , interface , interfere, interference, Internet, interrupt, interval, intervene 19) macro- (large) macroeconomics , macrocosm , macrostructure 20) micro- (extremely small) microcomputer, microeconomics , microscope, microphone, microsurgery, microelectronics, microbiologist 21) super- (greater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic , superman, superpower, supernatural, supervise , superb, superficial, superintendent , superior, superiority , supreme, supersystem 22) sur- (more than, beyond) surplus, surtax, surface, surpass , surround, survival, survive, suspect 23) ultra- (beyond, very, too) ultramodern, ultrasound, ultra-violet 24) auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland, automobile, automation , automatic, autobiography , autonomous , autonomy 25) mal- (bad, badly) malfunction, maltreat , malnutrition , malpractice 26) tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television) telegram, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications , telescope, telescreen, teleswitch, televise 28) semi-, hemi- (half) semicircle, semiconductor, semi-colony , semifinal, hemisphere 29) uni-, mono- (one) uniform, unify , union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe, universal, university, monologue , monoplane, monopoly , monotone, monotonous , carbon monoxide 30) bi-, di- (two) biweekly, bicycle, bilateral , billion, bilingual, dialogue, carbon dioxide 31) tri- (three) tricycle , triangle, triangular, trilogy , triple, trigonometry 32) quadri-, quadru- (four) quadruple, quadrangle 33) penta- (five) pentagon, Pentagon, Pentium 34) hexa- (six) hexagon, hexangular mill- (thousand) millennium, millimeter 35) sept- (seven) September, Sept-Wolves nona- (nine) nonagon, November 36) octa- (eight) octagon, octave, octopus, October 38) deci-, deca- (ten) decade, decimal 39) centi- (hundredth part) centigrade, centimeter, centipede, century 40) kilo- (thousand) kilo, kilometer, kilogram (me), kilowatt